Proposal For A Research Proposal - 814 Words

What is it? A typical research proposal is used by scholars and students who have an interest in your field. This usually happens as part of a grant application, postgraduate application (PhD), or for a final year dissertation. It usually ranges from 1,000-3,000 words and is a summary of what is being proposed to study. It is usually judged by content and proposal format. A Research proposal should†¦ Clearly set out what the research is going to be about. This includes a provisional/working title, name and contact details. The proposal should clearly define the topic you’re interested in and show you understand your research area. It should demonstrate that you have begun to think about a potential research question(s). It should†¦show more content†¦For postgraduate proposals, you might also include a section in which you set out how the research might contribute to debates and knowledge in your subject area. In other words, how do you think your researc h will add or contribute to political science? You should also set out any potential difficulties, weaknesses or issues that the proposed study may encounter. This might include some acknowledgement of ethical considerations. Basic structure (listing basic elements of a research proposal) The research proposal should have a clear structure that might be something like this: Title Page: including proposed title of research project, name and contact details Abstract: a short summary about the proposed research topic. Usually 200-250 words Introduction: identify the subject of the research proposal including theoretical issues, any preliminary empirical data, potential research question(s), and potential empirical applications. Research context: Explain the broad background and context of the research. This is, in essence, a brief literature review. Research questions: The proposal should set out the central aims and questions that will guide your research. Before writing your proposal, you should take time to reflect on the key questions that you are seeking to answer. Many research proposals are too broad, so reflecting on your key research questions is a good way to make sure that your project is sufficiently narrow and feasible. This setsShow MoreRelatedResearch Proposal779 Words   |  4 PagesMBA THESIS PROPOSAL GUIDELINES 1. INTRODUCTION The aim of this document is to give MBA students practical guidance about their thesis proposal. In addition to some general comments, the actual structure that should be followed in presenting the proposal is also outlined. The research proposal can serve many useful functions. The most important is that it helps the student to think out the research project he/she is about to undertake and predict any difficulties that might arise. For those who areRead MoreResearch Proposal1267 Words   |  6 PagesResearch Proposal: It addresses a particular project: academic or scientific research.  It also contains extensive literature reviews and must offer convincing support of need for the research study being proposed.   Doctoral dissertations begin with research proposal; the proposal must be accepted by a panel of experts (usually professors) before the actual research can begin.   In addition to providing rationale for the proposed research, the proposal must describe a detailed methodology for conductingRead MoreResearch Proposal1706 Words   |  7 PagesMOI UNIVERSITY MAIN CAMPUS SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS. Course: RESEARCH METHODS Course code: ECO 217 Task: GROUP ASSIGNMENT NAMES REG. NO. SIGN 1. HUSSEIN IBRAHIM ABDIRAHMAN ECO/201/O9 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 2. THIONG AGUTORead MoreResearch Proposal1447 Words   |  6 PagesCohort January 2013 Module Title Business Research Issue and Anylysis (Module code BAMG 2104 ) Assignment Topic/ Title Research Proposal Name of Instructor Dr Michael Ng Name of Student 1) AU Kwan Tai, 2) Chan Yan Ki, 3) Choi Chak Pan, 4) Chong Ka Chun DMU Student No. 1) P13014477 , 2) P13014523 3) P13014614, 4) P13014628 Group No. Date of Submission 25 Feb, 2014 DMU Business Research Methods Research Proposal 1. Research Project Title The relationship betweenRead MoreResearch Proposal661 Words   |  3 PagesTO: Professor Sara Cutting FROM: Kiersten McCaffrey DATE: February 18, 2014 SUBJECT: Begin Business Plan for Potential Future Investment Background In the beginning of the semester you requested that I research a topic related to a personal decision such as a future goal. I am currently employed at a yoga studio and have a general understanding of the hard work that goes into running a small business. 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Both organizations together provide an even stronger commitment to providing good health and well-being. Through the years, Merck researchers have helped to find new ways toRead MoreResearch Proposal5106 Words   |  21 Pagesages 4-11? Candace Williams University of South Carolina Counseling Education Graduate Program Introduction Purpose The purpose of this research proposal is to identify the specific differences in the effects of domestic violence in male and female children ages 4-11. Justification of Proposed Research Child exposure to adult domestic violence and its effects has increasingly become a concern for both practitioners and researchers. It is estimated that between tenRead MoreResearch Proposal2068 Words   |  9 PagesUniversity of South Africa 2013-05-30 Dear Sir/Madam Re: Research proposal: Why do People Volunteer Work. I am currently associated with UNISA where I am an honours student in Psychology. I have special interest in why do people volunteer work due to some volunteer work I am doing with a home called Botshabelo and an organisation called Stop Hunger SA. I have attached a proposal for further research in this field. The reasons for approaching you is because I will need fundingRead MoreResearch Proposal1193 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Proposal 1. Proposed working title Global Marketing versus Domestic Marketing- a critical Evaluation. 2. Research Background/ Context This research is focused to understand how a Global company is able to adapt to different marketing situation that is existing in different countries. A company can said to be Global if it can sell its products at a reasonable price with a dependable quality in every nation it serves. The concept of Global Marketing is viewing the entire set of

Listening Is The Reward You Get For A Lifetime Of Listening

Listening Effectively Wisdom is the reward you get for a lifetime of listening when you d have preferred to talk. --Doug Larson Truly listening to another person can be a difficult task, especially in business and personal relationships. Our ultimate goal in many conversations is to make the other person understand our perspective.; so much so that it’s easy to forget to truly listen to and understand theirs. While the other person speaks, we are often simply waiting for our own turn to talk again rather than truly hearing and processing what the other person is saying to us. It is a trap we all fall into, but one you can rise above when you understand the benefits of listening and how to do it well. On a basic level, listening well helps to alleviate mistakes and misunderstandings and can help you identify them before they become problems. You can’t serve the needs of a business client or your spouse until you know what those needs are, and you’ll never know that if you don’t listen when they tell you. It seems like such a basic concept, but it’s easy to gloss over important details as you rush through your busy day. You’ll understand the needs of others and meet them more effectively if you take the time to really listen. This allows for much more open communication and better negotiation. Listening helps you to better understand others, but it also helps them to better understand you. When people feel as though you have truly listened to them, they are much moreShow MoreRelated The Process of Listening Essay1195 Words   |  5 PagesThe Process of Listening â€Å"Wisdom is the reward you get for a lifetime of listening when you’d have preferred to talk.† (Deep and Sussman 76) Upon studying listening within another course, the vast and somewhat unclear subject began to become clearer. The act of listening entails in-depth processes that elude a majority of people’s knowledge. The act of listening involves four main parts: hearing, attention, understanding and remembering. Listening entails a vast amount of information thatRead MoreImproving The Situation At The Engstrom Auto Mirror Plant1345 Words   |  6 PagesCompany leaders need to identify what distinction they themselves make, if any, between dis-harmony and diversity of thoughts and actions. There are leaders who are afraid of conflict or they believe people should just follow orders. These leaders get frustrated and annoyed when it takes hold and wish it could disappear as quickly as it seemed to surface. Good relationships between employees and management will take a company a long way. An organization does not exist without good relationshipsRead MoreHow The Right Analytics Can Strength en Customer Engagement1489 Words   |  6 Pagessecure buy-in within your organization. Moreover, it filters out the big data hype. Get personal with advertising. Gathering consumer data should help you advertise effectively. No more guessing what service works best for your customers. Data facilitates wise decision making for the advertising budget. Leverage data by segmenting your website visitors, and then serve up targeted ads based on users’ interests. You will ensure that the right ads reach the right visitors. According to AdAge.comRead MoreThe 7 Habits Of Highly Effective People888 Words   |  4 Pagesdecisions, be they good or bad. Or put another way, recognizing our responsibility to do and not do, and put the best efforts to get things done. Importantly, the 7 Habits of Highly Effective People understand not change the lives of people and organizations in days or weeks, but rather to change from the inside out, in the long term but with the difference that is to lifetime. 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According to Barry Oreck, it has been proven that students learning molecular bonding through a dance had a more proficient understanding of the concept. He states, â€Å"We have found that if you learn something through a theater game, you can still answer a test question† (new horizons Dickerson 3). This statement proves that arts are extremely important and beneficial. With fine arts, students have a safe environment to express themselves, a motivation to stayRead MoreSpeech Disorder : Language Delay Essay1713 Words   |  7 Pagescombining two or three words to form a simple sentence in a bid to communicate, building their vocabulary and eventually understanding what some words mean like ‘come’ or even sentences and instructi ons. When the speech delay does not seem to go away or get better then this could be a language disorder. SOME OF THE CONDITIONS ASSOCIATED WITH LANGUAGE DELAY IN CHILDREN. 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Market and Business Operation of Air Asia-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the market and business operation of Air Asia. Answer: Introduction Marketing plays an important role for the contemporary business organizations in enhancing their effectiveness in the business sector. In the current era of globalization, the role of marketing is more important due to the fact that, with the entry of the global competitors in the particular market, the competition is rapidly increasing. Thus, the contemporary business organizations should have effective marketing strategies in order to cut off the competition and stay ahead in the market (Baker 2014). In the current business scenario, some of the business sectors are more competitive compared to others. This is due to the reason that, these particular sectors are having more customer traffic and number of competitors compared to other sectors. One of the sectors that are witnessing huge competition in the recent years is the airline industry. This industry has seen a steady growth in terms of the generation of the revenue and passenger traffic. Though, there are various barriers being faced by the industry in all these years, but the growth was not affected. However, with the increase in the market, more competitors are entering, which is increasing the rate of competition. Thus, it is important for the airliners to have effective marketing and business strategies in order to gain the maximum market share. This report will discuss about the marketing strategies of Air Asian along with determining their internal and external environments. Moreover, competitor analysis will also be done in order to determine the effectiveness of Air Asia compared to its closest rival. Targeting and segmentation of them will be discussed in order to identify the market segment they are operating. Company profile Air Asia is one of the leading airliners in the Asian regions with having their operation bases in different Asian countries (Jiang 2013). They are one of the forerunners in initiating the concept of low cost carriers in the Asian regions. Air Asia was incorporated in Malaysia in 2001 and within a few years, they have become the leading player in the airline market in Asia. Thus, gaining the leadership position during this period along with maintaining that position requires Air Asia to have effective business strategies. Figure: 1 Growth of the airline industry Source: (Icao.int, 2017) Determination of the macro environment Political Air Asia is having their operational bases in different countries in the Asian regions including Malaysia, Indonesia, India, Sri Lanka and Thailand. Thus, all these countries are having different political scenarios, which should be adhered by them. Moreover, it will be difficult fro to adhere to the differences. Change in the political scenario in one country will have implication on their relationship with another country. Thus, due to the fact that Air Asia is operating their connecting flight in different international routes, they will face the challenge if the relation between the two countries gets negatively impacted (Jeddi et al. 2014). Asian region especially the South Asian regions is one of the most politically instable regions with having adverse relationship between the countries. Thus, operating in these regions will have negative implications on business operation of Air Asia. The adverse relationship between the countries will also have negative impact on the bilateral agreements between the countries (Stehrer 2013). Thus, negative bilateral agreements between the countries will lead to the unfavorable air rights agreement among the countries. Thus, it will be difficult for Air Asia to operate among these countries. The target region of Air Asia is one of the most affected regions from terrorism (Carlton and Schaerf 2015). Thus, due to the increased safety risk being associated with the airline industry, terrorism is one of the key challenges for the Air Asia. However, with the increase in the necessity of the air travels in the recent years, more countries are having effective bilateral air agreements, which will have favorable impact on the business operation of Air Asia. Economical Asian region is having the major developing economies in the world and thus, the economical aspect is favorable for Air Asia in this region. The Asian economy is growing at rapid rate and so is the business opportunity for Air Asia. Due to the fact that, Air Asia offers low cost air travel, the economic opportunity will be more (de Wit and Zuidberg 2012). This is due to the fact that, offering low cost travel will help to cover more number of customers in the market along with enhancing the revenue volume. However, there are various challenges that have to be faced by Air Asia. One of the key threats will be the increase in the price of the jet fuel. In the recent years, the price of the jet fuel is rapidly increasing. Thus, with the increase in the price of the jet fuel, the profitability for Air Asia will be lowers (Ryerson and Hansen 2013). This is due to the reason that, they offer low cost travel, which cannot be possible if the price of the fuel get increased. On the other hand, if they increase their fare, then the target segment will get reduced. Global recession is another economical challenge to be faced by Air Asia. In the current era of globalization, countries are dependent on the economies of others (Kinkel 2012). Thus, emergence of economic crisis will have global impact, which will reduce the inflow of customers for Air Asia. Another economic factor for them will be the increase in the threat of new entrants (Babatunde and Adebisi 2012). Currently, there are various players being operating in the Asian airline industry offering low cost air travel. Thus, the more will be the competition in the market, the less will be the profitability for the individual players. Social Asian region is having the countries with huge population and thus the market opportunity is more for Air Asia (Lo and Salih 2013). Middle class population constitutes the major section of the population from this region. Thus, it is also one of the key opportunities for Air Asia due to the reason that, the low cost travel being offered by them is being targeted for the middle class segments. With the increase in the growth of the international and domestic passenger traffic, air travel offers an effective and time saving mode of transport for the customers. Thus, the preference for the air travel is increasing rapidly (Chang and Hung 2013). The low cost travel being offered by Air Asia helps them to directly compete with other mode of transport. Thus, customers prefer more travel by air compared to other conventional mode of transportation. With the growth in the economy of the countries in the Asian region, air travel is being seen as class and status symbol by the major section of the society (Graham 2013). Thus, bandwagon effect is being applied on the business operation of Air Asia, which helps them to attract more customers. Technological In the current business scenario, technology plays an important role in enhancing the effectiveness and productivity of the business organizations (Yu 2012). Air Asia involves various technologies in their service offerings in order to enhance the convenience of their customers (Suki 2014). However, the rapid change and development in the technology is posing challenges for Air Asia to adapt. Due to the fact that, they are operating in the airline industry, thus, it is important for them to initiate the use of technologies in providing effective service to customers along with marinating the safety of the passengers and crew members. Legal Airline industry is prone to various legal implications due to the reason that, safety is one of the key primary considerations for the airliner industry. Moreover, the safety regulations regarding the airline industry is different in different countries. Thus, it will be difficult for Air Asia to adhere with the different legal regulations (Borenstein and Rose 2014). Moreover, the legal implication is also relevant in the case of the passenger safety. However, Air Asia complies with all the safety standards in proving the service to their passengers. Environmental Airline industry is having huge impact on the environment due to the consumption of fossil fuel by the aircrafts. Thus, operating and running the aircrafts is increasing the pollutions along with using up the non renewable source of energy. Accordingly, governments in various countries are coming up with environmental regulations to reduce the impact of the impact on the climate. Air Asia has also initiated various programs to reduce the impact. One of the key initiatives being taken by them is replacing their old aircraft with new and fuel efficient ones (Langelaan et al. 2013). Determination of the micro environment Value chain analysis Primary activities Inbound activities One of the key competencies for Air Asia is no frill travel. Thus, they design their inbound logistics in such a way that, scheduling of the flights will be proper and there will no delay (Nagar 2013). Moreover, the routes are being designed effectively in order to operate in the shortest route between the two ports. Thus, it helps them to reduce their fuel cost. Outbound activities Outbound logistics of Air Asia includes the ticketing system for the passengers. Customers can book their tickets online and from through different mediums (Guritno and Siringoringo 2013). Thus, the convenience of the customers will be more. Moreover, Air Asia involves rigorous checking of their aircrafts in order to ensure the safety for their passengers. Added facilities are being provided to the passengers in board and out board in order to offer them holistic experience. Sales and marketing Air Asia involves extensive branding and promotional activities including sponsoring the Manchester United football club. They are also the key sponsors of various sporting events such as the Amazing race (Stockport 2013). Officials and employees always wear the official t shirts of Air Asia in order to promote their brands. Services There are various customer loyalty programs being initiated by Air Asia in order to retain their existing customers. One of their customer retention programs include offering gift voucher to the customers of the particular flight get delayed by more than 3 hours. Offering added services such as holiday packages and car rental service from the airports. Support activities Firm infrastructure Currently Air Asia is having fleet size of 86 and more in order. Thus, the fleet size is huge and it helps them to effectively operate in different countries. They are having partnership with different hotels in various countries to offer their customers easy access in different locations. Human resource management Employees in Air Asia are being given for different skill sets. This enables them to have employees able to perform different jobs. Thus, it helps them to reduce the cost. Rewards and recognition is being initiated by Air Asia in order to motivate and engage their employees (Beardwell and Thompson 2014). Recruitment is being done according to the organizational requirement and job roles. Thus, they are having perfect fit in the organization. Technology development Air Asia involves the use of digital ticketing system, which enables them to eliminate the intermediaries from the middle and reduce the fare price. They also offer online checking and baggage moving facilities, which enable the customers to perform all the added activities from their convenience. Competitor analysis Two of the closest rivals for Air Asia are India based Indigo airlines and Australia based JetStar. Both these airliners are operating across different cities in the Asian regions and offering low cost facilities similar to what Air Asia is offering (Guo 2015). The following sections will discuss about the differences between the businesses operations of Air Asia compared to other two identified rivals. Strategic group analysis and perpetual mapping will be used to compare these airliners. Strategic group analysis From the above strategic group analysis of Air Asia, Indigo and JetStar, it is being seen that. Air Asia is way ahead than their closest competitors. It is being seen in the above figure that, the market coverage of Air Asia is spanning across different cities in Asia. Air Asia flights can be availed from any major cities across Asia. Thus, they are covering more area and market than their competitors. On the other hand, Indigo covers the domestic market of India along with international flights to Bangkok and Dubai. Thus, the international market coverage for Indigo is limited. JetStar is also serving in the countries like Japan, Indonesia, China and Singapore. Thus, Air Asia is having more market coverage compared to their competitors. From the above analysis, it is also been seen that, Indigo is offering similar set of value to their customers like Air Asia. Thus, the gap between Air Asia and Indigo is negligible in terms of value for money. Moreover, JetStar is having some differences with rest of two in terms of providing value for money. Perceptual mapping Te above perpetual mapping of Air Asia denotes that, Air Asia is offering more variety of service compared to their competitors. They offer various options for their customers in terms of booking their flights and checking their luggage. Moreover, Air Asia also offers holiday packages in different destinations, which are being added facilities for the passengers. Thus, Air Asia is offering more variety of services at lower prices compared to their competitors. SWOT analysis Strengths One of the key strengths of Air Asia is their brand value in the market. This is due to the reason that, Air Asia is having the status of market leader in the Asian region and thus they are having the opportunity to leverage their reputation and goodwill in the market. On the other hand, Indigo and JetStar are also having positive reputation and goodwill. However, they are limited to their operating market, rather than spanned across Asia. Huge market being covered by them helps them to increase the volume of the generation of revenue. They operate in domestic market in different countries also, which further enhance their market potentiality. Other competitors are also operating in their domestic market. However, in the Indian market, market establishment is more for Indigo than any other players. Economy of scale is being gained by Air Asia due to having the single type of aircrafts. This helps them to reduce the cost of operation and maintenance for them. Indigo also operates single type of aircrafts and they also offer single type of service. Indigo offers only economic class. Thus, the maintenance cost for Indigo is much lower. Being a low cost carrier, Air Asia is having more market coverage and attracts more number of customers (Wu and Hayashi 2014). Weaknesses Replacement of the aircrafts involves huge cost. It is applicable for all the players in the market. Air Asia mainly offers flights within the time range of 2.5 hours and accordingly their operational strategy is being designed. Thus, it is not possible for them to offer long duration flights even if their competitors are doing so. However, JetStar offers longer duration flights, which is their advantage compared to Air Asia. Not having the market coverage outside the Asian regions. Thus, customers searching more long distance flights including intercontinental flights will not targeted by Air Asia. Offering low cost air travel reduces their proportion of profitability. Opportunities More people are opting for air travel due to time saving and low cost of low cost carriers. Growth of the economy in the Asian regions will help to enhance the purchasing power of the customers, which will further increase the market potentiality of Air Asia. Entering in new countries will further enhance the market potential for Air Asia. Threats Emergence of new entrants is one of the key threats due to the reason that, entry of the new competitors in the market will reduce the profitability. Moreover, increase in the price of the jet fuel will further have negative impact on the business operation. Increase in the terrorism and adverse inter-country relationship will have negative impact on the business operation of Air Asia. Future strategic priorities One of the key future priorities for Air Asia will be entering the market outside of Asia. They are already having the position of market leader in the Asian region. Hence, in order to enhance their revenue, they have to enter in the market outside their existing ones. It will help them to generate global brand image and identity. Offering premium service along with the existing service will be beneficial for them. This is due to the reason that, premium customers are not being attracted towards Air Asia due to its low cost carrier tag. Thus, initiating a sub brand for the premium customers will help to tap the higher end customers also. Another strategic priority will be to introduce the RFID tracking system for their passengers. This will enable their passengers to track the movement of their baggage from the departure to arrival port in real time from their mobile devices. Conclusion Thus, from the above discussion, it can be concluded that, Air Asia is having the market leadership position due to their effective business and market strategies. This report discussed about the external and internal factors being faced by them in their business operations. In addition, the competitor analysis done in this report helped to determine the areas where Air Asia is ahead of its competitors. It is been seen that, Air Asia offers more service varieties compared to their competitors. This report also discussed about the future strategic objectives for Air Asia, which will help them to enhance their business potentiality. The strategic objectives are being discussed according to the analysis being done in the earlier sections. This report concludes that, Air Asia is having huge market potential in the Asian market and along with that, the market opportunities for them will further get increased if they enter in other markets outside Asia. References Babatunde, B.O. and Adebisi, A.O., 2012. Strategic Environmental Scanning and Organization Performance in a Competitive Business Environment. Economic Insights-Trends Challenges, 64(1). Baker, M.J., 2014. Marketing strategy and management. Palgrave Macmillan. Beardwell, J. and Thompson, A., 2014. Human resource management: a contemporary approach. Pearson Education. Borenstein, S. and Rose, N.L., 2014. How airline markets work or do they? Regulatory reform in the airline industry. In Economic Regulation and Its Reform: What Have We Learned? (pp. 63-135). University of Chicago Press. Carlton, D. and Schaerf, C. eds., 2015. International terrorism and world security (Vol. 3). Routledge. Chang, L.Y. and Hung, S.C., 2013. Adoption and loyalty toward low cost carriers: The case of TaipeiSingapore passengers. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 50, pp.29-36. de Wit, J.G. and Zuidberg, J., 2012. The growth limits of the low cost carrier model. Journal of Air Transport Management, 21, pp.17-23. Graham, A., 2013. Understanding the low cost carrier and airport relationship: A critical analysis of the salient issues. Tourism Management, 36, pp.66-76. Guo, Q., 2015. Exploring the Impact Factors for Developing Low Cost Carriers: Cases of Japan and China. Guritno, S. and Siringoringo, H., 2013. Perceived usefulness, ease of use, and attitude towards online shopping usefulness towards online airlines ticket purchase. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 81, pp.212-216. Icao.int. (2017).Facts and Figures. [online] Available at: https://www.icao.int/sustainability/Pages/Facts-Figures_WorldEconomyData.aspx [Accessed 15 Dec. 2017]. Jeddi, A.R., Renani, N.G., Khademi, A., Shokri, V. and Noordin, M.Y., 2014. Low-Cost Strategy Factors in Airline Industry: The AirAsia Case. In Advanced Materials Research (Vol. 845, pp. 652-657). Trans Tech Publications. Jiang, H., 2013. Service quality of low-cost long-haul airlinesThe case of Jetstar Airways and AirAsia X. Journal of Air Transport Management, 26, pp.20-24. Kinkel, S., 2012. Trends in production relocation and backshoring activities: Changing patterns in the course of the global economic crisis. International Journal of Operations Production Management, 32(6), pp.696-720. Langelaan, J.W., Chakrabarty, A., Deng, A., Miles, K., Plevnik, V., Tomazic, J., Tomazic, T. and Veble, G., 2013. Green flight challenge: aircraft design and flight planning for extreme fuel efficiency. Journal of Aircraft. Lo, F.C. and Salih, K. eds., 2013. Growth pole strategy and regional development policy: Asian experience and alternative approaches. Elsevier. Nagar, K., 2013. Perceived service quality with frill and no-frill airlines: an exploratory research among Indian passengers. Prestige International Journal of Management IT-Sanchayan, 2(1), p.63. Ryerson, M.S. and Hansen, M., 2013. Capturing the impact of fuel price on jet aircraft operating costs with Leontief technology and econometric models. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 33, pp.282-296. Stehrer, R., 2013. Accounting relations in bilateral value added trade. Verein" Wiener Institut fr Internationale Wirtschaftsvergleiche". Stockport, G.J., 2012. AirAsiaflying high. International Journal of Globalisation and Small Business, 4(3-4), pp.324-333. Suki, N.M., 2014. Passenger satisfaction with airline service quality in Malaysia: A structural equation modeling approach. Research in transportation business management, 10, pp.26-32. Tverberg, G. (2017).How High Oil Prices Lead to Recession. [online] Our Finite World. Available at: https://ourfiniteworld.com/2013/01/24/how-high-oil-prices-lead-to-recession/ [Accessed 15 Dec. 2017]. Wu, C. and Hayashi, Y., 2014. The effect of LCCs operations and scheduled services deregulation on air charter business in Japan. Journal of Transport Geography, 41, pp.37-44. Yu, G. ed., 2012. Operations research in the airline industry (Vol. 9). Springer Science Business Media https://myassignmenthelp.com/mah_cms/uploads/29-1552892996.png

Stugy Guide free essay sample

The cost of leasing production equipment is classified as: Prime Cost: NoProduct Cost: Yes The wages of factory maintenance personnel would usually be considered to be: Indirect Labor: Yes Manufacturing OH: Yes Manufacturing overhead consists of: all manufacturing costs, except direct materials and direct labor. Which of the following costs would not be included as part of manufacturing overhead? Insurance on sales vehicles Conversion costs consist of which of the following: Direct labor and manufacturing overhead cost. Each of the following would be a period cost except: depreciation of a machine used in manufacturing. Within the relevant range, variable cost per unit will: Remain constant. The term â€Å"relevant range† means the range of activity over which: the assumptions about fixed and variable cost behavior are reasonably valid. In describing the cost formula equation Y = a + bX, which of the following statements is correct? â€Å"a† is the fixed component. Which of the following costs is often important in decision making, but is omitted from conventional accounting records? Opportunity Costs. We will write a custom essay sample on Stugy Guide or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Gambrini Corporation is a wholesaler that sells a single product. Management has provided the following cost data for two levels of monthly sales volume. The company sells the product for $197. 80 per unit. Sales volume (units) 6,000 7,000 Cost of sales $486,000 $567,700 Selling and administrative costs $612,600 $624,400 The best estimate of the total monthly fixed cost is: $541,800 Edeen Corporation has provided the following production and total cost data for two levels of monthly production volume. The company produces a single product. Production volume 5,000 units 6,000 units Direct materials $311,000 $373,200 Direct labor $171,500 $205,800 Manufacturing overhead $415,000 $427,800 The best estimate of the total variable manufacturing cost per unit is: $109. 30 At an activity level of 9,200 machine-hours in a month, Nooner Corporation’s total variable production engineering cost is $761,300 and its total fixed production engineering cost is $154,008. What would be the total production engineering cost per unit, both fixed and variable, at an activity level of 9,300 machine-hours in a month? Assume that this level of activity is within the relevant range. $99. 31 Jumpst Corporation uses the cost formula Y = $3,600 + $0.30X for the maintenance cost in Department B, where X is machine-hours. The August budget is based on 20,000 hours of planned machine time. Maintenance cost expected to be incurred during August is: $9600 Given the cost formula, Y = $9,000 + $2. 50X, total cost for an activity level of 3,000 units would be: $16500 Nikkel Corporation, a merchandising company, reported the following results for July: S ales $402,800 Cost of goods sold (all variable) $169,100 Total variable selling expense $17,100 Total fixed selling expense $14,200 Total variable administrative expense $7,600 Total fixed administrative expense $30,100 The gross margin for July is: $233,700 The contribution margin for July is: $209,000 Temblador Corporation purchased a machine 7 years ago for $319,000 when it launched product E26T. Unfortunately, this machine has broken down and cannot be repaired. The machine could be replaced by a new model 330 machine costing $323,000 or by a new model 230 machine costing $285,000. Management has decided to buy the model 230 machine. It has less capacity than the model 330 machine, but its capacity is sufficient to continue making product E26T. Management also considered, but rejected, the alternative of dropping product E26T and not replacing the old machine. If that were done, the $285,000 invested in the new machine could instead have been invested in a project that would have returned a total of $386,000. In making the decision to buy the model 230 machine rather than the model 330 machine, the differential cost was: $38,000 Temblador Corporation purchased a machine 7 years ago for $319,000 when it launched product E26T. Unfortunately, this machine has broken down and cannot be repaired. The machine could be replaced by a new model 330 machine costing $323,000 or by a new model 230 machine costing $285,000. Management has decided to buy the model 230 machine. It has less capacity than the model 330 machine, but its capacity is sufficient to continue making product E26T. Management also considered, but rejected, the alternative of dropping product E26T and not replacing the old machine. If that were done, the $285,000 invested in the new machine could instead have been invested in a project that would have returned a total of $386,000. In making the decision to buy the model 230 machine rather than the model 330 machine, the sunk cost was: $319,000 Temblador Corporation purchased a machine 7 years ago for $319,000 when it launched product E26T. Unfortunately, this machine has broken down and cannot be repaired. The machine could be replaced by a new model 330 machine costing $323,000 or by a new model 230 machine costing $285,000. Management has decided to buy the model 230 machine. It has less capacity than the model 330 machine, but its capacity is sufficient to continue making product E26T. Management also considered, but rejected, the alternative of dropping product E26T and not replacing the old machine. If that were done, the $285,000 invested in the new machine could instead have been invested in a project that would have returned a total of $386,000. In making the decision to invest in the model 230 machine, the opportunity cost was: $386,000 Which of the following is the correct formula to compute the predetermined overhead rate? Estimated total manufacturing overhead costs divided by estimated total units in the allocation base. What document is used to determine the actual amount of direct labor to record on a job cost sheet? Time Ticket The balance in the Work in Process account equals: the balances on the job cost sheets of uncompleted jobs. Martinez Aerospace Company uses a job-order costing system. The direct materials for Job #045391 were purchase in July and put into production in August. The job was not completed by the end of August. At the end of August, in what account would the direct material cost assigned to Job #045391 be located? Work in Process Inventory Over-applied manufacturing overhead occurs when: applied overhead exceeds actual overhead. Crinks Corporation uses direct labor-hours in its predetermined overhead rate. At the beginning of the year, the estimated direct labor-hours were 11,200 hours and the total estimated manufacturing overhead was $259,840. At the end of the year, actual direct labor-hours for the year were 10,800 hours and the actual manufacturing overhead for the year was $254,840. Overhead at the end of the year was: $4280 Under-applied Malcolm Company uses a predetermined overhead rate based on direct labor-hours to apply manufacturing overhead to jobs. On September 1, the estimates for the month were: Manufacturing overhead $17,000 Direct labor-hours 13,600 During September, the actual results were: Manufacturing overhead $18,500 Direct labor-hours 12,000 The cost records for September will show: Underapplied overhead of $3,500 Compton Company uses a predetermined overhead rate in applying overhead to production orders on a labor cost basis in Department A and on a machine-hours basis in Department B. At the beginning of the most recently completed year, the company made the following estimates: Dept. A Dept. B Direct labor cost $56,000 $33,000 Manufacturing overhead $67,000  $45,000 Direct labor-hours 8,000 9,000 Machine-hours 4,000 15,000 What predetermined overhead rate would be used in Department A and Department B, respectively? 120% and $3 The Collins Company uses predetermined overhead rates to apply manufacturing overhead to jobs. The predetermined overhead rate is based on labor cost in Dept. A and machine-hours in Dept. B. At the beginning of the year, the company made the following estimates: Dept. A Dept. B Direct labor cost $65,000 $42,000 Manufacturing overhead $91,000 $48,000 Direct labor-hours 8,000 10,000 Machine-hours 3,000 12,000 What predetermined overhead rate would be used in Dept A and Dept B, respectively? 140% and $4. 00 Simoneaux Corporation bases its predetermined overhead rate on the estimated machine-hours of the upcoming year. At the beginning of the most recently completed year, the company estimated the machine-hours for the upcoming year at 22,000 machine-hours. The estimated variable manufacturing overhead was $8. 65 per machine-hour and the estimated total fixed manufacturing overhead was $609,400. The predetermined overhead rate for the recently completed year was closest to: $36.  35 per machine-hour Job 731 was recently completed. The following data have been recorded on its job cost sheet: Direct materials $2,391 Direct labor-hours 69 labor-hours Direct labor wage rate $13 per labor-hour Machine-hours 129 machine-hours The company applies manufacturing overhead on the basis of machine-hours. The predetermined overhead rate is $14 per machine-hour. The total cost that would be recorded on the job cost sheet for Job 731 would be: $5,094 The Donaldson Company uses a job-order costing system. The following data were recorded for July: Job Number

Wastewater Management Program for Abu Dhabi

Wastewater Management Program for Abu Dhabi Introduction Although a fast growing economic hub, Abu Dhabi remains a relatively dry land that needs maximum water preservation. In addition, the increasing population and number of local, regional and multinational organizations and businesses seeking to operate in the city require adequate supply of water.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Wastewater Management Program for Abu Dhabi specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More At the same time, wastewater management remains a challenge to the city, especially in terms of managing the city’s sewage. However, technology has the potential to recycle much of the wastewater with an aim of preserving the city’s precious water resources while at the same preserving the environment (Tseng Lin, 2004). The purpose of this paper is to define a wastewater treatment planning for Abu Dhabi’s future. The plan describes the best technology for wastewater treatment and th e process involved. Moreover, it will provide the best possible location as well as the type of operation necessary to enhance wastewater management. Description of an ideal wastewater management technology for Abu Dhabi The proposed wastewater treatment plant will be located at Allamahah, some 20 kilometers west of the Abu Dhabi. The purpose is to serve the city’s population both as a source of water and as a water treatment facility. The aim is to treat some 600,000M3/d of sewage per year and produce some 400,000m3/d of clean water per annum for use in the industries and partly for domestic use (Tseng Lin, 2004). The plan is to create a conventional treatment plant that will involve a technology to treat the water with efficiency and reliability. The technology will include a preliminary, a primary and a secondary treatment sections. They will include an activated sludge to which a secondary settlement will be developed. The proposed technology will be primarily a biologic al model in which there will be minimal use of fuel. The biological section will also be coupled with filtration and a serial disinfection process to ensure that the water is microorganisms-free (McCarty, Bae Kim, 2011). In this case, the biological procedure will follow the conventional anaerobic treatment of domestic wastewater (Tseng Lin, 2004). From a biological analysis, it is evident that anaerobic treatment of wastewater, especially the sewage water, has the potential to enhance energy production while as the same time producing high quality water for domestic and industrial use.Advertising Looking for report on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The program has identified a number of issues that need be addressed in order to avoid a case where the production of water will fail. For instance, the problems of low temperature and low organic concentration might be the barrier to the program , as cited in theory. However, the problem of low temperature is not likely to affect the plant in Abu Dhabi because the area is relatively hot, which makes the survival of microorganism is generally high. Secondly, the plant will involve a high-energy sufficient technique that will oversee the overall preservation of energy (McCarty, Bae Kim, 2011). Within the context of biological treatment, the technology will involve genetically engineered bacteria with a high capacity to remove nutrients, organic and inorganic substances as well as kill other microorganisms. It is also expected to include a number of bacteria species with different capacities to ensure that all these substances are removed from the water. It is also important to include additional caution because some bacteria may act on others, producing certain effects or rending the process ineffective. For this reason, each species of bacteria used will be positioned in separate chambers, where water will pass through to e nsure the full effect of the bacteria on the water. References McCarty, P. L., Bae, J., Kim, J. (2011).Domestic Wastewater Treatment as a Net Energy Producer Can This be Achieved? Environ. Sci. Technol, 45, 7100–7106 Tseng, S. K., Lin, M. R. (2004). Treatment of organic wastewater by anaerobic biological fluidized bed reactor. Water Sci. Technol, 29(12), 157–166.

Are government justified in controlling the flow of informat essays

Are government justified in controlling the flow of informat essays What would happen if a government held all information back from their citizens? Would you be willing to trust the government to make the right decisions for you? How would you know that they were going to be a responsible government and heed your wishes as a citizen? The dilemma is that you couldnt know for sure. What if it was an important decision on where your tax dollars were going? How could you trust someone with decisions if they were with holding information from you? In a responsible democratic government information is given to us. But in some cases information is with held about money not because it is a question of national security but because the people behind the decisions are doing it for personal gain. The government is looking out for its own interest and not its citizen. The people elect governments into parliament because they are supposed to look after the peoples best interests. This didnt happened with the Canadian liberal government and the sponsorship scandal. The government with held information about $100 million dollars and where it was being spent. The government gave it to various crown corporations who supported the liberal party. The liberal party still cant account for who spent the money and where it was spent. Now the country is out of $100 million because the government didnt feel obligated to inform their citizens about their expenditures. This is the perfect example of why the government should inform the public of t heir actions. However there are some situations where the government should withhold information for the benefit of the country. Imagine if the people were informed about everything the government was doing or what they planned to do. This society would be quite unstable. During times of war, the government can validate withholding information for national security. If the government had informed the people of their plans for Operation Overlord, D-Da ...

Marijuana Legalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Marijuana Legalization - Essay Example The most important reason for anyone to debate on the subject of marijuana legalization is because of its relevance to young people. Advocates of marijuana legalization in Washington, DC have voted on the legalization of marijuana and approved the move by an overwhelming majority. Kleiman mentions in his article that the district officials of the states are now looking to create a market for buying and selling of marijuana which was previously prohibited from selling under the ‘grow and give’ framework. In the article, Kleiman points out his argument against the creation of a profit motivated market for marijuana. It is true that commercialization of marijuana is disadvantageous. For one, it can cause many problems for states where marijuana is still illegal. Legalization of marijuana in Washington alone is likely to have its repercussions on other states where the drug is prohibited, a risk which also pointed out by Kleiman. Creation of an official market for marijuana will spark its trafficking to other states through underground channels. The most obvious impact is the rise in inter-state travelling in Washington for recreational usage of the drug. As such, there is a great likelihood that marijuana availability in Washington will result in easy acquisition and trafficking of the drug to other states. In his article, Mark Kleiman has argued against the commercialization of marijuana. Marijuana legalization comes at great social costs especially for the young user base of the illicit drug.